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This study examines the factors driving political self-censorship among South Korean voters following the declaration of martial law, highlighting the roles of social conflict, division, and individual perceptions.

This study examines how party support strength and internal political efficacy shape affective polarization in South Korea, where political polarization is driven more by partisan attachment than by ideological differences.

This study examines how South Korean voters form subjective perceptions of political moderation based on their political attitudes, perceptions, and emotions.